December 12, 2024
Both ADHD and autism are known for being neurodevelopmental disorders. That’s why they have a variety of similarities, but there are some key differences between the two as well. Around 10% of people have ADHD, and 50 to 70% of those with autism have ADHD as well. That brings the question, are ADHD and autism connected? And if so, in what way? Common characteristics One thing to note about both ADHD and autism is that they have multiple common characteristics. These include social difficulties and complications when it comes to the learning style, but also atypical movement that comes in the form of stimming behaviors or fidgeting. Another very common characteristic is inattention, which is known to be very common in the case of anyone with autism. But it goes even deeper than that since people with autism and ADHD both have sensory sensitivities as well. We should also note the fact that both conditions are heterogeneous, which means the genes can differ between each person. The nature of those genetic influences can vary as well. Another study shows the overlap between common ADHD and autism variants. We should also add that according to the CDC , 14% of kids that have ADHD are also autistic as well. Are the common characteristics leading to complications? Yes, due to the symptom overlap, providing an accurate diagnosis can prove to be very difficult. That’s because most of the diagnostics will focus on symptoms and as we see, multiple ones overlap. ADHD diagnosis can be performed via the Conners rating scales, Tests of Sustained Attention, or the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning. Autism, on the other hand, can be diagnosed via the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, the Spectrum Rating Scales, or the Monteiro Interview Guidelines designed to diagnose autistic persons. Some evaluators will also opt for a cognitive assessment. Important differentiators While there is common ground in the form of language delays, a high sensory response, emotion regulation, or behavioral control, there are also differences. In the case of people with ADHD, things like impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention tend to be the most important factors. In the case of autism, the more prevalent symptoms include things like repetitive behaviors, restricted communication, and social connectivity impairment. What’s the main reason behind this co-occurrence? A shared genetic etiology is the primary reason, which could be the reason behind the up to 72% genetic overlap. That’s one of the reasons why the term AuDHD started being used recently. It combines ADHD and autism as a way to highlight the intersection between the two. And while it’s not fully recognized in the medical community, it is used specifically within the neurodivergent community. It’s very important to visit a specialist or a therapist via Buzz ABA in order to help provide support for anyone with autism or ADHD. Therapy is the best option because it helps create a nurturing, supportive environment, as it will help patients unlock their full potential. That’s especially true in the case of kids since therapy can help them create a bright, amazing future!